Myocardial Infarction is a leading cause of disability and death worldwide. Coronary atherosclerosis can be a chronic condition with unstable and stable periods. Patients may experience a myocardial injury if there is activated inflammation in their vascular walls. Although myocardial injury may not be an important event in a long-term chronic condition, it can go unnoticed. However, it could be fatal and cause hemodynamic deterioration or sudden death. Myocardial Infarction can be the first sign of coronary artery disease or it may happen repeatedly in patients with more advanced disease. If standardized data are collected, it is possible to provide valuable data about the burden of coronary disease in and between populations. This is especially true if the data are separated into incident and recurrent events.
The incidence of myocardial ischemia in a population can serve as an indicator of the prevalence of coronary heart disease in that population. Myocardial Infarction can have serious psychological and legal consequences for both the individual and the society. It is a sign of one of the most serious health problems in the world and is used as an outcome measure in clinical trials or observational studies. With these perspectives, myocardial infarction may be defined from a number of different clinical, electrocardiographic, biochemical, imaging, and pathological characteristics.
What’s a heart attack?
Myocardial Infarction, also known as a heart attack, is a dangerous condition that results in a decrease in blood flow to the heart muscle. Although there are many reasons why blood flow is not flowing, it is most often caused by a blockage of one or more of the heart’s arteries. The affected heart muscle can begin to die if there is no blood flow. A heart attack can lead to permanent damage to the heart muscle and even death if blood flow isn’t restored quickly.
Heart attack is life-threatening. Do not hesitate to dial 911 or your local emergency service number if you suspect that you or someone close you is suffering from a heart attack. Heart attacks are best treated quickly. Even a slight delay can cause permanent damage to the heart or even death.
What are the most common causes of heart attacks?
About 635,000 Americans suffer from new heart attacks each year. A second heart attack affects approximately 300,000. One in seven deaths in America is caused by coronary heart disease. This includes heart attacks.
What happens in a heart attack?
A heart attack causes blood flow to stop or fall below normal levels, which can cause the heart muscle to become weaker. A heart attack can cause a disruption in the pumping process for your entire body. This can cause blood loss or stop flowing to other parts of the body. If not addressed quickly, it can lead to death.
CAUSES AND SYMPTOMS
What causes heart attacks?
A blockage of one of your blood vessels, which supplies your heart, is the most common cause of heart attacks. Plaque, a sticky substance that builds up in your arteries, is the most common cause. It’s similar to how grease can block your home plumbing. This buildup is known as atherosclerosis.
Plaque deposits in the coronary (heart arteries) can rupture or break open, and a bloodclot can form where there was rupture. A clot blocking an artery can cause blood loss and a heart attack.
Although heart attacks can occur without a blockage, it is very rare and accounts for only 5% of all heart attacks. These are some of the reasons that a heart attack may occur:
Spasm in the artery: Your vessels have a lining of muscle that allows them to grow or shrink as required. These muscles can sometimes spasm or twitch, cutting off blood flow to the heart muscle.
Special medical conditions: Any disease that causes abnormal narrowing of blood vessels is an example.
Trauma This can include tears or ruptures of the coronary arteries.
An obstruction that originated from another part of the body A blood clot (or air bubble) that is trapped in a coronary vessel.
Electrolyte imbalances : Too many or too few key minerals such as potassium can lead to a heart attack.
Eating disorders An eating disorder can lead to damage to the heart and eventually a heart attack.
Who are the most at-risk for a heart attack?
There are many factors that can increase your chances of suffering a heart attack. Some of these risk factors can’t be controlled.
Age and sex.
Heart disease in the family.
History of preeclampsia is a condition that can occur during pregnancy.
Lifestyle.
You have certain conditions or diseases.
Age and sex
As you age, your chances of having a heart attack increase. Your sexual activity can also influence when your heart attack risk increases.
Men: Heart attack risk increases significantly at 45.
Women: Heart attack risk increases significantly after 50 years of age or when you enter menopause.
